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About Mongolia

		The Mongols gained fame in the 13th century when under Chinggis KHAN they conquered a huge Eurasian empire. After his death the empire was divided into several powerful Mongol states, but these broke apart in the 14th century. The Mongols eventually retired to their original steppe homelands and later came under Chinese rule. Mongolia won its independence in 1921 with Soviet backing.

A Communist regime was installed in 1924. The ex-Communist Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) won elections in 1990 and 1992, but was defeated by the Democratic Union Coalition (DUC) in the 1996 parliamentary election. After the fall of communism in Mongolia in 1990, Mongolia adopted a new, democratic constitution which was ratified in 1992. This officially marked the transition of Mongolia to a democratic country, making it one of the world's youngest democracies. At 1,564,116 square kilometers, Mongolia is the nineteenth largest country in the world, but also the least densely populated. The predominant religion in Mongolia is Tibetan Buddhism, and the majority of the state's citizens are of the Mongol ethnicity, though Buriats, Kazakhs and Tuvans also live in the country, especially in the west. About one-third of the population lives in Ulaanbaatar.

Capital City	Ulaanbaatar
Area	1,564,116 sq km
Population     (July 2006 est.)	2,832,224
Language	Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian
Economy Status	GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) : $5.781 billion (2006 est.)   GDP (official exchange rate) : $1.54 billion (2006 est.)   GDP - per capita (PPP) : $2,000 (2006 est.)